Knee cartilage cushions the bones of the knee joint, allowing for easy movement. Despite the flexibility and toughness of the cartilage, damage can still occur. The main causes of cartilage injuries in the knee include joint dislocation, a meniscus tear, impact, infection, and inflammation.

Regardless of the type of cartilage injury, most result in pain and swelling to varying degrees. Other symptoms include impaired mobility and locking sensations in the knee.